Cov cuab yeej coated
Cov txheej txheej saum npoo yog siv rau cov cuab yeej (cov hniav) substrate nrog zoo toughness, thiab nyias txheej ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj siab hardness, siab hnav tsis kam, thiab kub tsis kam (xws li TN, T; C thiab lwm yam), kom lub cutter ( hniav) muaj kev ua tau zoo thiab kev ua tau zoo.
Txoj kev loj hlob sai ntawm txheej txheej tshuab tau ua rau muaj kev siv cov cuab yeej coated. Nyob rau hauv 1969, Krupp nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees thiab Sandvik nyob rau hauv Sweden tau ntse tsim CVD txheej tshuab thiab qhia TC coated carbide insert cov khoom los ntawm CVD txoj kev mus rau lub lag luam. Nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 70s ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, United States R. Runshan thiab A. Raghuran tau tsim lub cev vapor deposition PVD txheej txheem thiab qhia PVD TN high-speed steel tej cuab yeej khoom rau lub lag luam nyob rau hauv 1981. Thaum lub sij hawm ntawd, CVD txheej. txheej txheem kub yog txog 1000 degree, thiab nws yog tsuas yog siv rau txheej txheej ntawm tungsten carbide cov cuab yeej (cov hniav); PVD txheej txheej txheej kub yog 500 degree thiab qis dua 500 degree, uas yog tsuas yog siv rau txheej txheej ntawm high-ceev steel cov cuab yeej. Tom qab ntawd, CVD thiab PVD txheej thev naus laus zis tau tsim kho kom sai, thiab kev txhim kho cov khoom siv ntau yam, yog li ntawd kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov cuab yeej txheej txheem (tuaj) tau zoo heev dua. Yav dhau los, PVD txheej thev naus laus zis feem ntau yog siv rau cov cuab yeej siv high-speed steel, tab sis nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, nrog kev txhim kho sai ntawm PVD txheej tshuab, nws kuj tuaj yeem siv tau zoo rau cov cuab yeej carbide (cov hniav), suav nrog ib nrab ntawm cov carbide. -coated cov cuab yeej (cov hniav). Tam sim no, coated high-speed steel cov cuab yeej thiab coated carbide cov cuab yeej (cov hniav) yog dav siv, accounting rau ntau tshaj 50% ntawm tag nrho cov siv ntawm tag nrho cov cuab yeej.
1. Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD)
Yav dhau los, tungsten carbide cov cuab yeej nto txheej txheej tau coated siv cov txheej txheem kub-kub tshuaj vapor deposition (HTCVD). Nyob rau hauv lub deposition system ntawm atmospheric siab los yog tsis zoo siab, ntshiab H, CH, N, TiCL, AICL, CO, thiab lwm yam gases sib tov sib xyaw raws li muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov sediment raws li ib tug tej yam ratio, thiab ces coated rau saum npoo cov cemented carbide hniav nrog qhov kub thiab txias (feem ntau yog 1000 ~ 1050 degree), uas yog, TC, TN, TCN, AL, O, los yog lawv cov txheej txheem sib xyaw yog tso rau saum npoo ntawm cov hniav. Txog tam sim no, HTCVD tseem yog cov txheej txheem siv ntau tshaj plaws, ntxiv rau HTCVD, kuj tseem muaj cov txheej txheem plasma chemical vapor deposition (PCVD), uas yog lwm txoj hauv kev ntawm txheej txheej ntawm cemented carbide cov cuab yeej (cov hniav), vim tias txheej txheem txheej. qhov kub tsis tshua muaj (700 ~ 800 degree), yog li lub zog flexural ntawm cov hniav raug txo. Vim tias TC yog ze tshaj plaws rau cov kab nthuav dav coefficient ntawm cov khoom siv matrix, ib txheej nyias ntawm TC feem ntau yog siv rau saum npoo ntawm substrate ua ntej, thiab tom qab ntawd TN, AL, 0, xws li TC-TiNTiC-AL, O, TC- TiCN. TIN thiab lwm yam.
Tom qab ntawd, ntau lub teb chaws tau tsim ntau yam sib txawv ntawm cov txheej txheem ntau txheej, uas suav nrog: TiCN-AL, O, TiCN-TC TN, TCN. TC AL, O,, TICN ALO, TIN, TICN. TIC-AL, O, TIN, TICN. AL, O,-TCNTiC-TICN-TIN, TN-TICN-TIN, thiab lwm yam. Nws tuaj yeem pom tias TCN lossis TN tau siv los ua cov txheej txheem ntau dua nyob rau xyoo tas los no, vim yog kev txhim kho ntawm lub hauv paus carbide, xws li raws li tus qauv gradient. Tsis tas li ntawd, TN txheej yuav tsum tsis txhob siv ib leeg, vim qhov hardness ntawm TiN tsis nce ntau piv rau cemented carbide, thiab TN yuav tsum tau siv ua ke nrog TC, TiCN, AL, O, thiab lwm yam.
2. Lub cev Vapor Deposition (PVD)
Thaum ntxov, PVD txheej tau siv tag nrho cov "nqus evaporation txoj kev", zaj duab xis txheej feem ntau tsis sib xws, thiab kev sib xyaw nrog cov substrate tsis muaj zog txaus, thiab tom qab ntawd "nqus magnetron sputtering method" thiab "nqus plasma plating txheej txheem" thiab lwm yam txheej txheem tau tsim, thiab cov nyhuv tau zoo heev. Tam sim no, ob txoj kev tom kawg yog siv rau cov cuab yeej txheej txheej.
Nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov xyoo, PVD txheej tsuas yog siv rau high-ceev steel cov cuab yeej, thiab TN yog siv raws li cov khoom txheej. Tom qab ntawd, txheej txheej txheej txheej tau txhim kho, ntau yam khoom siv txheej txheej thiab txheej txheej txheej txheej tau tsim, thiab ntau daim ntawv thov kuj tau txais cov cuab yeej tungsten carbide. Cov nyhuv txheej yog qhov zoo dua qub. TN txheej cov ntaub ntawv tseem siv tau, thiab cov ntaub ntawv txheej txheej tshwm sim yog TAIN thiab AITIN, uas yog siv zoo dua li TiN.
Teb chaws Europe muaj qib siab tshaj plaws ntawm PVD txheej tshuab, ua ntej ntawm lwm lub teb chaws thiab cheeb tsam. Cov tuam txhab muaj npe nrov suav nrog 0erlkonBalzers, PVT Plasma Vacuum Technology hauv Tebchaws Yelemees thiab Unimerco hauv Denmark. Lawv cov khoom siv PVD txheej thiab thev naus laus zis tau ua tiav, nrog ntau yam khoom siv txheej txheej, thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov riam coated thiab lwm yam khoom.
